碳排放与大气污染协同治理:跨期和跨区均衡框架下的庇古税理论分析
作者单位:

北京理工大学

中图分类号:

F205;N949;X196

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(71925008; 72293603; 72488101)


Tackling carbon emission and air pollution together: A theoretical analysis on Pigouvian tax in an intertemporal multi-region equilibrium
Author:
Affiliation:

Beijing Institute of Technology

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    摘要:

    气候变化和大气污染是有关联的环境外部性问题,协同治理需要考虑其时空尺度差异.本文构建临界点范围内的大气污染—气候变化—经济复杂系统动态一般均衡模型,区分同源于化石能源的大气污染物和二氧化碳在自然降解速度、空间影响范围等方面差异,将庇古税(污染定价)理论拓展到流量型和存量型污染物的时空协同治理中.研究发现,(1)在全球尺度上,对二者协同治理的全球统一庇古税等于全球碳价与全球大气排污价之和.其中,碳价等于边际碳排放造成的未来各期累积的气候损失,大气排污价等于边际大气污染物排放造成的当期污染损失.(2)如要进一步考虑大气污染的空间差异,则各区域的庇古税等于全球碳价与相应区域大气排污价之和.其中,区域大气排污价等于边际大气污染物排放在当地造成的污染损失.(3)庇古税应完整反映碳排放和大气污染造成的直接效用和经济损失.

    Abstract:

    Climate change and air pollution are related environmental externality issues, and tackling them together necessitate considering their differences across time and space. We establish a global dynamic general equilibrium air pollution-climate-economy model within the limit of tipping point events. The model differentiates two genres of emissions in terms of depreciation rate, dissipation rate, inter alia, and furthers the analysis for Pigouvian tax (pollutant pricing) to jointly address stock and flow pollutants across time and space. The findings are as follows. First, at the global scale, the Pigouvian tax levied on fossil fuels numerically aggregates both carbon price, which internalizes the accumulated impacts of carbon emission in each period, and air pollution price, which internalizes the current-period impact of air pollution. Second, to further consider the differentiated impact of air pollution across regions, the regional Pigouvian tax aggregates a region-specific pollution tax, which internalizes the regional impact of air pollution, and a unified carbon tax that internalizes the global climate impact. Last, the Pigouvian tax should reflect both the impact on economic production and utility losses.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-09
  • 最后修改日期:2024-09-22
  • 录用日期:2025-02-05
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