Consumption is the key driving force for a country's stable economic growth. However, from the perspective of the life cycle, individuals have the irrational behavior on intertemporal consumption in which insufficient consumption and excessive consumption coexist. At present, the consumption tendency of Chinese residents is not high, and the rapid expansion of consumer finance makes it difficult for individuals to make reasonable consumption decisions. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the individual's intertemporal consumption behavior and make reasonable use of effective measures to intervene in order to stably play the economic pulling role of consumption on the macro level and continuously improve the individual’s life happiness on the micro level. Based on the theoretical model of finite life cycle, this paper designs two intertemporal consumption scenarios of income increasing and income decreasing in the experiment, analyzes individual intertemporal consumption, and tries to introduce intervention mechanism from internal preference and external learning to improve individual irrational consumption behavior. The experimental results show that individuals generally have irrational consumption behavior when they consume across periods. When their income gradually increases, they are under-consumption, and when their income gradually decreases, they are over-consumption, and the former is more serious; Secondly, the intervention mechanism designed from the perspective of internal preference is more targeted and can play a better role in improving individuals of specific preference types. The intervention mechanism designed from the perspective of external learning can significantly improve irrational consumption; Finally, individual heterogeneity affects the effectiveness of irrational consumption decision-making and intervention mechanism.