A game model between an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and a remanufacturer is established in order to analyze the effect of design for remanufacturing (DfR) on manufacturing/remanufacturing supply chain competition under the outsourcing remanufacturing pattern. Moreover, based on the game model, the effect of different DfR cost sharing modes on the DfR effort level, the collection rate of used products, benefit and environmental impact is analyzed. The main research results are as follows: through outsourcing remanufacturing, the OEM could not only reduce market competitive advantage of the remanufacturer, but also increase its benefit; DfR could promote the remanufacturer to collect used products and improve the collection rate of used products; whether the OEM or the remanufacturer covering the DfR cost, both benefits are maximized at certain different DfR effort levels, in other words, the greater effort of remanufacturing design does not always bring the greater benefit; remanufacturing does not always reduce environmental impact, it is more environmental only when the ratio of the unit environmental impact of the remanufactured to new product is less than a certain threshold, and the ratio of the DfR bringing benefit for unit remanufactured to new products is greater than a certain threshold.