In this paper,a class of combined location-routing problems in integrated hazardous materials(HAZMAT) logistics systems is studied,and the risk bottleneck of the network is especially considered.A non-decreasing safety cost function is constructed.New networks form based on the security degree of transportation vehicles.The results of location-routing vary with the changing networks.Several objectives need to be considered in HAZMAT logistics management,and cost,risk and risk equity are consider...