Improving the level of commercialization of scientific and technological achievements is the “gateway” for effectively connecting scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, and is key to the smooth commercialization of scientific and technological achievements into new quality productive forces. Based on quasi-natural experiment of the National Regional Center for Technology Transfer, this study establishes a staggered DID model to explore the influence and mechanism of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements on the cultivation of new quality productive forces in enterprises.Empirical results show that the establishment of the National Regional Center for Technology Transfer can significantly improve the level of new quality productive forces in enterprises, primarily by promoting technology trading behavior and improve human capital.The heterogeneity analyses show that the establishment of the National Regional Center for Technology Transfer has a stronger promoting effect on the cultivation of new quality productive forces for high-tech enterprises, enterprises without established R&D alliances, those with a low degree of knowledge diversification, and those in regions with a low level of local intellectual property protection. The expansion analyses reveal that the establishment of the National Regional Center for Technology Transfer can improve the application of digital and intelligent technology, innovation abilities, labor productivity, and ESG performance. This study has important implications for promoting the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements and cultivating new quality productive forces, with emerging industries and future-oriented industries as the core carriers.