制造型平台价格竞争与利润分享的博弈新方法
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A novel game approach to price competition and profit-sharing in manufacturing platforms
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    摘要:

    选择合理的定价策略是平台企业实现最大化盈利的关键.针对由制造型平台、入驻平台的制造商(简称入驻制造商)与实体零售商组成的平台供应链,本研究构建一个非合作-合作两型博弈模型,研究平台供应链成员间的价格竞争与利润共享.在非合作博弈部分,制造型平台选取批发价格,同时,制造型平台、入驻制造商与实体零售商选取各自的零售价格.在合作博弈部分,制造型平台与实体零售商共享展厅行为利润,形成合作联盟,优化利润共享比例与服务水平,实现联盟利润最大化,并利用Shapley值分配联盟利润.运用数值模拟和比较静态分析,研究消费者线上渠道偏好程度、入驻制造商产品认可度与服务成本系数对Nash均衡策略、最优利润、消费者剩余和社会福利的影响.研究结果表明,在价格竞争环境下,制造型平台与实体零售商共享展厅行为利润对提高实体零售商服务水平,进而提高他们的收益是稳定、有效的.面对线上渠道偏好程度或入驻制造商产品认可度的提升,维持线下渠道的稳定销售有助于制造型平台应对线上可替代产品间的竞争,实现制造型平台、实体零售商与消费者的三方共赢,提升社会福利.

    Abstract:

    Choosing reasonable pricing strategies has become key for platform enterprises to maximize profits. A platform supply chain consisting of a manufacturing platform, a manufacturer, and an offline retailer is considered. A noncooperative-cooperative biform game is constructed to discuss the pricing competition and profit-sharing among the platform supply chain’s members. In the noncooperative game part, the wholesale price of the manufacturing platform and the retail prices of the manufacturing platform, manufacturer, and offline retailer are chosen arbitrarily as strategies. In the cooperative game part, the manufacturing platform and offline retailer share showrooming profits to form a cooperative coalition. They optimize the profit-sharing ratio and service level to maximize the coalition’s profit. The Shapley value is used to distribute the coalition’s profit. A numerical example is used to analyze the effects of online channel preference, manufacturer product recognition, and service cost coefficient on Nash equilibrium strategies, the optimal profits, consumer surplus, and social welfare. Some findings are as follows: Under price competition, cooperation between the manufacturing platform and offline retailer is effective in improving the service level and their profits. When online channel preference increases, maintaining stable sales of offline channel can help the manufacturing platform cope with the competition among alternative products. A tripartite win-win can be achieved among the manufacturing platform, offline retailer, and consumers, leading to improved social welfare.

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李登峰,李梦祺,魏骊晓,南江霞.制造型平台价格竞争与利润分享的博弈新方法[J].管理科学学报,2025,(10):174~190

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-12-01
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