考虑在线评论和自选择偏差的产品线策略研究
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1.上海大学悉尼工商学院;2.广东外语外贸大学商学院

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国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目)


Optimal product line strategies in the presence of online reviews and self-selection bias
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1.SILC Business School,Shanghai University;2.School of Business,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou

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    摘要:

    消费者自选择偏差可能导致在线评论信息失真,对企业产品定价、质量决策及迭代策略产生显著影响。本文在评论生成过程中引入自选择偏差因素,构建两阶段产品发布的动态决策模型,探讨企业在复杂信息环境下的最优产品线策略。分别针对不考虑评论、考虑客观评论及考虑存在正向或负向自选择偏差的三种情境,探讨最优产品线策略,并分析自选择偏差与评论对企业利润和消费者剩余的影响。研究发现:(1)客观评论不影响第一阶段产品发布策略;负向自选择偏差促使企业在第一阶段提高质量并降低价格,正向自选择偏差则相反。(2)自选择偏差的方向与强度、产品体验质量及生产成本共同决定了企业的产品线策略。(3)自选择偏差与评论对企业利润和消费者剩余的影响并非单向:不同偏差程度和成本条件下,评论既可能提升双方收益,也可能加剧二者之间的利益分化。仅当负向偏差较弱或存在正向偏差,且生产成本较高时,企业与消费者才能实现“双赢”。本研究揭示了评论偏差对企业动态产品决策的内在机制,为企业制定合理的产品价格、质量迭代与评论管理策略提供了科学的理论依据。

    Abstract:

    Online reviews have a profound impact on firm’s pricing and quality strategies. However, consumer self-selection bias may distort review information and mislead firm’s decisions. This study incorporates consumer self-selection bias into the review generation mechanism and develops a two-period dynamic model to examine firm’s optimal product line strategies. Specifically, we analyze three scenarios—without reviews, with objective reviews, and with positively or negatively biased reviews—to derive the optimal decisions and evaluate their effects on firm profit and consumer surplus. The results show that (1) objective reviews do not affect initial product release decisions; negative self-selection bias induces firm to increase quality and reduce price, while positive bias has the opposite effect; (2) the direction and intensity of bias, product experience quality, and production cost jointly determine firm’s product line strategies; and (3) the effects of reviews on firm profit and consumer surplus are not one-directional: under different bias and cost conditions, reviews may either enhance both outcomes or intensify their divergence. Only when negative bias is weak or positive bias exists, and production cost is relatively high, can firm and consumers simultaneously benefit, achieving a “win–win” outcome. This study reveals how online reviews shapes firm’s dynamic product decisions and offers insights for pricing, quality iteration, and review management.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-06
  • 最后修改日期:2026-02-06
  • 录用日期:2026-05-05
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