The S&T resources, e. g. funds and human resources are“The p rimary resource”. Therefore, the key p roblem of p romoting the core competency leaders concern is how to distribute S&T resources in a op timalw ay. In th is paper, an idea is p roposed to allocate S&T resourcesw ith in the national system s of in2 novation. Th is idea is verified by Ch ina’s p ractices including turning R&D institutes into enterp rises, building up the know ledge innovation p rogram in the Ch inese A cademy of Sciences and develop ing the in2 termediary organizations of S&T.