Based on the Confucian culture and the development of Chinese science and technology from Needham, this paper tests the relationship between Confucian culture and technological innovation by using the data of Confucian schools and scholars in historical classics. The results show that, the stronger the Confucian culture surrounding listed companies will lead to the higher the quantity and quality of technological innovation. The mechanism test results show that the paths of Confucianism affecting innovation include: 1) place considerable value on education and make it easier for enterprises to hire highly educated managers; (2) respect individual economic rationality and provide ethical legitimacy for equity incentives. The results of further analysis show that: 1) the impact of typhoons on the southeast coast strengthened the impact of Confucian culture on innovation; 2) Confucian culture promotes the innovation of Listed Companies in minority areas; 3) Confucianism is not the reason why technological innovation falls into the "high-level trap", but Confucian culture is unable to get rid of the "lock-in" state of technological innovation path. The above conclusions provide a new perspective for the objective evaluation