全渠道策略中线下有限库存服务决策优化研究
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1.华中科技大学管理学院;2.武汉大学经济与管理学院;3.福州大学经济与管理学院

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国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目)


Pooling of demand for omnichannel strategy considering service sequence
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1.School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology;2.Economics and Management School, Wuhan University;3.School of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University

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    摘要:

    为了给顾客提供更好的购物体验,众多零售商引入了线上下单-线下提货(Buy-Online-and-Pick up-in-Store,BOPS)购物渠道,从而使有限的线下库存面对来自多个渠道的需求。引入BOPS渠道是否对零售商有益,以及对线下有限库存服务决策优化尚缺乏研究。本文考虑一个零售商和两类顾客,一类顾客为仅通过实体商店购买商品的实体店顾客,另一类为策略性地在各种渠道中进行选择的全渠道顾客。现有全渠道研究多假设零售商的线下库存优先满足实体店顾客需求,本文将线下有限库存优先服务全渠道顾客需求策略(OPS)、优先服务实体店顾客需求策略(SPS)、按比例服务两类顾客需求策略(EPS)纳入考虑,与传统文献对比,发现引入BOPS并不完全对零售商有益,零售商实体店密度(决定顾客的商店访问成本)和配送中心的密度(决定顾客的线上等待成本)会对零售商收益造成影响。若顾客的线上等待成本与商店访问成本均较低,且商店访问成本更低时,零售商采用EPS和SPS服务策略会提高零售商利润,同时提高实体店顾客和全渠道顾客的消费者剩余。

    Abstract:

    In order to provide customers with a better shopping experience, many retailers have introduced the buy-online-and-pick-up-in-store (BOPS) shopping channel, so that the limited offline inventory is faced with multiple channels demand. Whether the introduction of BOPS channel is beneficial to retailers and the decision-making optimization of offline limited inventory is still lacking research. This article considers a retailer and two types of customers. One type of customer is physical store customers who purchase goods only through physical stores, and the other type is omnichannel customers who choose among various channels strategically. Existing omnichannel research mostly assumes that retailers’ offline inventory is prioritized to satisfy offline channels. This paper takes three service strategies into consideration, including Store-customer Priority Strategy (SPS),Omnichannel-customer Priority Strategy (OPS) and Equal Priority Strategy (EPS). Compared with the traditional literature, it is found that the introduction of BOPS is not entirely beneficial to the retailer. The retailer physical store density (determining the customer's store visiting cost) and distribution center density (determining the customer's online waiting cost) will affect the retailer's revenue. At the same time, it is found that if customers' online waiting costs and store visit costs are low, and store visit costs are lower, the introduction of BOPS channels with SPS and EPS, will increase the retailer’s profits, and at the same time increase the consumer surplus of store customers and omnichannel customers.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-28
  • 最后修改日期:2022-01-10
  • 录用日期:2022-02-04
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