共享平台的生存空间和社会价值
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作者单位:

1.上海交通大学 安泰经济与管理学院;2.中共上海市委党校经济学教研部;3.复旦大学经济学院

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中图分类号:

F062.9; F224

基金项目:

教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(20JZD010); 国家自然科学基金重点项目(72031006);上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题(2021EJB006).


Living space and social value of sharing platform
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1.Antai College of Economics and Management,Shanghai Jiao Tong University;2.Department of Economics, Shanghai Party Institute of CPC;3.School of Economics, Fudan University

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    摘要:

    基于互联网的共享经济迅猛发展, 满足了越来越多的社会需求. 基于这一背景, 首先分析了共享经济的业态、发展阶段以及共享经济的优势和劣势. 然后从平台的视角, 以“相对综合优势”指标为出发点定义了“市场份额增量指标”, 研究共享平台与专业平台同时进入市场竞争和平台分别作为领导者与追随者等不同情形下的竞争情况与均衡状态. 最后考察共享平台在市场上的生存空间和社会价值. 研究发现, 1)若共享平台和专业平台同时进入市场竞争, 只有当专业平台相对综合优势足够显著时, 共享平台将可能退出市场; 否则即使面对专业平台的相对综合优势, 共享平台仍然能够生存, 出现两类平台相互竞争的局面; 而且闲置资源的低回报要求, 使得共享平台将专业平台挤出市场变得可能. 2)相比同时进入市场竞争, 共享平台作为追随者参与竞争的优势更明显, 平台具有后发优势. 3)从共享平台的社会价值来看, 共享平台进入市场不一定增加社会福利, 只有当共享平台从社会福利角度出发, 达到最优的产出水平时, 其进入市场能够补偿专业平台的多样化损失, 实现最优补偿.

    Abstract:

    The rapid development of the Internet-based sharing economy has met more and more social needs. Based on this background, this research first analyzes the development model, development stage, and advantages and disadvantages of the sharing economy. From the perspective of the platform, this research defines the "incremental market share index" with the "relative comprehensive advantage" indicator as to the starting point and studies the competitive relationship and equilibrium state of sharing platforms and professional platforms entering the market at the same time and platforms as leaders and followers in different situations. Finally, this research analyzes the living space and social value of sharing platforms in the market. The main research results are as follows: 1) If a sharing platform and a professional platform enter the market simultaneously, the sharing platform may exit the market only when the relative comprehensive advantages of the professional platform are sufficiently significant. Otherwise, even in the face of the relative comprehensive advantages of professional platforms, sharing platforms can still survive. There will be a situation where two types of platforms compete. Moreover, the low return requirements of idle resources make it possible for sharing platforms to squeeze professional platforms out of the market. 2) Compared with entering the market competition simultaneously, the shared platform has more obvious advantages as a follower to participate in the competition, and the platform has a late-mover advantage. 3) From the perspective of the social value of sharing platforms, the entry of sharing platforms into the market does not necessarily increase social welfare. Only when the sharing platform reaches the optimal platform output level from the perspective of social welfare, its entry into the market can compensate for the diversified losses of the professional platform and achieve the optimal compensation effect.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-12-16
  • 最后修改日期:2022-04-19
  • 录用日期:2022-09-07
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