涉疫自然灾害复合谣言的辟谣信息放大现象研究
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1.清华大学公共安全研究院;2.四川大学匹兹堡学院;3.北京大学新媒体研究院;4.腾讯科技(北京)有限公司

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国家自然科学基金资助重点项目(72034004),国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(71725006)


Study on the amplification effect of debunking information of epidemic-related natural disaster rumors spreading
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1.Institute of Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University;2.Pittsburgh Institute, Sichuan University;3.School of New Media, Peking University;4.Tencent Technology (Beijing) Company

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    摘要:

    在由公共卫生事件和自然灾害构成的双重灾害场景下,公众会传播一类同时涉及这两种公共安全事件的特殊类型的复合谣言——涉疫自然灾害复合谣言。为阻止涉疫自然灾害复合谣言的传播,发布并扩散针对涉疫自然灾害复合谣言的辟谣信息十分重要。最近,不同灾害在信息层面的耦合作用被证实存在。本研究推测,针对涉疫自然灾害复合谣言的辟谣信息的传播同样有可能受到该类耦合作用影响而出现放大现象,以令更多的人得知辟谣信息,帮助消除谣言带来的负面影响。本文构建了一种适用于该类由公共卫生事件和自然灾害构成的双灾场景的辟谣信息传播模型,以描述辟谣信息的传播过程。此外,本研究还利用发生于2022年的由公共卫生事件和地震构成的真实双灾案例进行了实证研究,证明了针对涉疫自然灾害复合谣言的辟谣信息传播的放大现象,同时对模型的有效性进行了验证。本研究对谣言管控有指导作用,能够帮助辟谣信息更好地传播,以降低谣言对社会的危害。

    Abstract:

    In a double-hazard scenario consisting of a public health event and a natural disaster, a special type of compound rumor simultaneously involving of these two such different public safety events—epidemic-related natural disaster rumor— will be generated and spread. To prevent the spread of epidemic-related natural disaster rumor, it is important to release and spread the debunking information focusing on this such special type of rumors. Recently, the coupling interaction between different disasters at the information level in multi-hazard scenarios has been verified. This study considers that the spread of the debunking information of epidemic-related natural disaster rumor will amplify owing to this such coupling interaction, which helps more people get the debunking information to alleviate the negative impact brought from rumors. A debunking information spread model which is appropriate for the double-hazard scenarios consisting of public health events and natural disasters is established, and it is used to describe the spread process of debunking information. Furthermore, the real double-hazard case consisting of the earthquake and the public health event occurring in Sichuan, China, in 2022 has also been used to make an empirical analysis. It confirms the amplification of the debunking information of epidemic-related natural disaster rumor spreading and validates the effectiveness of the new proposed model as well. This study provides guidance and assistance for rumor management, helping the debunking information spread better to alleviate the harm of rumors.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-03
  • 最后修改日期:2024-04-24
  • 录用日期:2024-05-04
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