Improving the level of commercialization of scientific and technological achievements is the "gateway" for the effective docking of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and the key to the smooth commercialization of scientific and technological achievements into new quality productive forces. Based on quasi-natural experiment of the National Regional Center for Technology Transfer, this study establishes Staggered DID model to explore the influence and mechanism of scientific and technological achievements transformation on the cultivation of new quality productive forces of enterprises. Empirical results show that the establishment of the National Regional Center for Technology Transfer can significantly improve the level of new quality productive forces of enterprises, and the main mechanism is to promote technology trading behavior and improve human capital. The heterogeneity analyses show that the establishment of the National Regional Center for Technology Transfer has a stronger promoting effect on the cultivation of new quality productive forces for high-tech enterprises, enterprises that have not established R&D alliances, low degree of knowledge diversification and low level of local intellectual property protection. The expansion analyses reveal that the establishment of the National Regional Center for Technology Transfer can improve the application level of digital and intelligent technology, innovation ability, labor productivity and ESG performance of enterprises. This study has important implications for how to promote the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements and cultivating new quality productive forces with emerging industries and future-oriented industries as the core carrier.