自动驾驶通勤行为建模与阶梯收费效率评价
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Modeling commuting behavior and efficiency evaluation of step tolling with autonomous vehicles
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    摘要:

    自动驾驶汽车的出现将解放驾驶员双手,从而为车内出行者自由开展车内活动提供方便.在阐述自动驾驶汽车通勤者车内活动效用的基础上,使用基于活动的分析方法,建立了普通驾驶汽车与自动驾驶汽车混行的多方式时变活动效用瓶颈模型,分析了该模型的性质.确定了多方式瓶颈系统消除排队的连续动态拥挤收费方案,设计了最优阶梯收费方案来近似连续动态收费方案,评价了最优阶梯收费方案消除排队的效果.结果表明在线性时变边际活动效用下,不考虑自动驾驶汽车车内活动效用会导致对高峰期出行时间窗的偏差估计;普通驾驶汽车通勤者与自动驾驶汽车通勤者依次序出行,存在最优的自动驾驶汽车市场占有率使得社会总成本最低;与不收费情形相比较,最优阶梯收费导致的排队延误消除率大于■.

    Abstract:

    The emergence of autonomous vehicles can provide drivers with a chance to freely implement activities in the vehicles. On the basis of a representation of the in-vehicle activity utility of commuters in the autonomous vehicles, a multi-modal activity-based bottleneck model is proposed. In the proposed model, congestion interaction between regular and autonomous vehicles at the bottleneck is considered. The properties of the proposed model are analyzed. A continuous dynamic congestion tolling scheme is proposed for fully eliminating the bottleneck queue. The optimal step tolling scheme is designed to approximate the continuous dynamic tolling scheme, and its efficiency is evaluated in terms of the eliminated bottleneck queue. The results show that under the linear time-varying marginal activity utility, ignoring the in-vehicle activity utilities of commuters in the autonomous vehicles could lead to a biased estimation of departure time window of commuters during the morning commute.The commuters using the regular and autonomous vehicles sequentially depart from home in the morning, and there is the optimal market share of the autonomous vehicles that generates the lowest total social cost. Compared to the no-toll case, the queuing delay elimination rate of the optimal step tolls exceeds 〖KF(〗3〖KF)〗/3.

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李志纯,吴苏萍.自动驾驶通勤行为建模与阶梯收费效率评价[J].管理科学学报,2025,(1):1~16

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-02-14
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