管理科学学报英文版 1672-0334 article How to Achieve High Innovation Performance by Pursuing Positive Externalities? —— A Research Based on “Meaning-Capabilities” Configurations 在追求经济社会高质量发展的背景下，国家与人民对企业创新的社会意义、国家战略意义与人类未来意义等“正外部性”（Positive externality）的期待进一步凸显。然而，现有研究关于“企业如何在回应正外部性需求的同时获得高创新绩效”这一重要议题的回答仍未充分，致使国家及社会需求与企业自身利益诉求之间的“张力”不断积累，以社会整体福利提升为目标的创新发展战略遭遇挑战。研究从创新意义与知识管理的融合视角，探究多维度创新意义与知识管理能力的耦合“组态”如何影响企业高创新绩效的获得。基于103家创新企业的案例数据，运用模糊集定性比较分析（Fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis, fsQCA）方法，研究发现：在创新过程中，“意义-能力”的耦合模式，可以帮助企业在追求正外部性的同时获得高创新绩效；进而，基于规模差异分析发现，在“意义-能力”耦合的主路径外，也存在特定条件下由企业能力主导的辅助路径。该发现从资源约束角度揭示了研究的理论边界，即对于规模与资源有限的小企业而言，除追求正外部性的高绩效主路径外，也存在仅依靠能力建设而获得高绩效的辅助路径。基于创新意义与知识管理的融合视角，本文探索企业如何在追求“正外部性”的创新中获得高绩效的核心议题，以期对“高质量发展”背景下企业创新活动回应社会与国家需求的有效模式及相关创新政策的制定作出贡献。 In the context of “high-quality development”, enterprise begins to respond more to the “meaning” of social demand, national strategy, and human development. However, existing research has not sufficiently addressed the critical issue of how enterprises can achieve high innovation performance while responding to these demands, resulting in mounting tensions between societal needs and corporate interests and posing challenges to innovation strategies aimed at enhancing overall welfare. This study adopts a perspective integrating innovation meaning and knowledge management to explore how the coupling configurations of multi-dimensional innovation meaning and knowledge management capability influence enterprises' high innovation performance. Based on case data from 103 innovative enterprises and using the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method, the study finds that the coupling configuration of "meaning" and "capability" in the innovation process enables enterprises to achieve high innovation performance while pursuing positive externalities. Furthermore, an analysis of scale differences reveals that, beyond the primary path of “meaning-capability” coupling, an auxiliary path exists under specific conditions where enterprise capability dominates. This finding highlights the theoretical boundaries of the study from a resource-constraint perspective, showing that for small enterprises with limited scale and resources, there is an alternative auxiliary path to achieving high performance through capability building alone, apart from the primary path driven by positive externalities. From the perspective of the coupling configurations of “meaning and capability”, this paper systematically explores and answers the key question of “whether pursuing ‘meaning’ can improve enterprises’ innovation performance”, which is of great value to the development of both meaningful innovation theory and innovation practice in the new era. 正外部性;有意义的创新;意义导向;模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA);知识管理能力 Positive externality; Meaningful innovation; Meaning orientation; fsQCA; Knowledge management capability 曲冠楠,杜运周,王璐瑶,陈劲,陈凯华 Qu Guannan,Du Yunzhou,Wang Luyao,Jin Chen,Chen Kaihua 1.北京理工大学管理学院;2.东南大学 经济管理学院;3.中国传媒大学 经济与管理学院;4.清华大学经济管理学院;5.中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院 1.School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences;2.School of Economics and Management, Southeast University;3.School of Public Policy and Management, Communication University of China;4.School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University;5.Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences jmscen/article/abstract/202207160926