On the basis of comprehensive considering each specific character of the resource , and from the dimen2 sions of the basis and the fundamental factors that risk comes from are resource input by the enterprises participated the strategic alliance , it is pointed out in this article that integrating the resource and the risk together is reasonable to consider the selections of the structure patterns of the strategic alliance. Through clarifying the resource , risk and structure patterns of the strategic alliances , the concept model and corresponding judgment hypothesizes reflecting the relationships among the resource , risk and structure patterns are established. By using of the factor analysis and structure equation model method , the proposed hypothesizes are test and verified. The research conclusions for this paper are that there are close relationships among resource ,risk and the structure patterns of the strategic alliances. The preferences of the executives in the alliance companies for the structure patterns will be affected by their subject evaluation for the future risk suffered in a strategic alliance. And the resources input in a strategic alliance by the company is a very important factor that affects their subjective evaluating for the risk.