Nowadays , as one kind of the distinctive competences of a firm , strategic flexibility has become the strategic driving force of superior competitive performance. Based on previous studies , this paper makes an explo2 rative study of the relationship between strategic flexibility , core competences and competitive performance. Then the moderating effects of environmental turbulence on the relationship between strategic flexibility and competitive performance of a firm is discussed and examined empirically by developing structural equation models using partial least squares method with evidence from Chinese’s firms