Ｒesearches on entrepreneurship have the shortcomings of success bias and underdeveloping the value of learning from failure，which isolates the linkage of failure and subsequent success. Based on the information processing theory and experiential learning theory，the paper explores the causal relationship between the learning behaviors from failures ( LBF) and innovation performances of high-tech new start-ups，and the moderation effects of strategic decision comprehensiveness ( SDC) and technological uncertainty. The results reveal that both LBF on the individual level and on the organizational level have positive effects and negative interaction effects on the innovation performance; SDC positively moderates the relationship between the LBF on the organizational level; the technological uncertainty positively moderates the relationship between LBF on the individual level，but negatively moderates the relationship between the LBF on the organizational level． The results suggest that learning from failures can facilitate the improvement of innovation performance，but a failure with comprehensive plans beforehand is a much better learning opportunity than the one without．