Abstract:Since network users have different socio-economic characteristics and different levels of income,this paper proposes a generalized system optimal model in traffic networks with fixed demand and then explicitly derives its first-order optimality conditions. The proposed model can deal withany continuously distributed value of time ( VOT) or finite discrete VOT. The relationships among the generalized system optimal model,standard system optimal model and multi-class cost-based system optimal model are investigated. It is found that,for the fixed demand traffic networks with homogeneous users,the generalized system optimal model degenerates into a standard system optimal model,and for traffic networks with multi-class users,the generalized system optimal model and multi-classes cost-based system optimal model are equivalent.