From the perspective of social capital and role cognition in different institutional cultures，this paper gives an empirical analysis of how female entrepreneurs’social networks and human capital affect their entre-preneurial behavior． By using international authoritative databases: Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and Worldwide Governance Index: For a comparative study， the empirical analyses show that female entrepreneurs’social capital and entrepreneurial activity form an inverted U-sharped curve relationship，and that female’s high social capital will inhibit or increase the entrepreneurial activity rate depending on whether a threshhold is reached or not． Different economic development and human capital negatively moderate the a-bove curvilinear relationship，but the institutional environment strengthens this relationship． This study reveals the social status and social role expectations tied to women’s participation in entrepreneurial activities，and presents a theoretical framework of female social economic role into the entrepreneurial activity analysis．