Abstract:This paper deals with the riding behavior of commuters who take buses from a living place to a work place in rush hours.The equilibrium bus riding model proposed in this paper incorporates such costs as that associated with early and late arrival as well as body congestion in buses.The optimal time headway for dispatching buses is derived in the case of fixed demand.In the elastic demand case,the fare level,the number of buses required,the net profit from pricing and the system net benefit are obtained and ...

Abstract:Through analysing the mechanism of natural competitions and the principle of decision,and based on the characteristics that competition builds optimisation and the result of competition hinges on decision,this paper proposes a new algorithm—Competitive decision algorithm,to solve combinatorial optimization problems.A general model for competitive decision algorithm is provided.And according to this model,a competitive decision algorithm for solving vehicle routing problem,which is a well-known NP-hard probl...

Abstract:The paper aims to investigate how consumer choice probability is updated by experienced regret when consumer expectations are viewed as expectations.Theoretically and empirically,we show that when zero disconfirmation is experienced for each alternative in the consideration set,risk-averse consumers tend to increase their choice intention for the alternative with higher performance uncertainty,but risk-seeking consumers tend to decrease their choice intention for this alternative.In addition, the effect of ...

Abstract:Although customer relationship management in business and academic fields is becoming increasingly important in today's customer-centered era,the current situation of relevant studies and practices is not so optimistic,and many problems exist.Therefore,based on extensive literature review,this paper develops an integrated framework for value-oriented customer relationship management in perspective of customer equity by uncovering the current traps and problems in customer relationship management research an...

Abstract:In this article,according to the structural decomposition analysis based on the input-output technique,we construct water spatial structural decomposition analysis model.We apply the model to Yellow River basin.In addition we analyze the unreasonable economic structure and consumption manner.Finally we give some suggestion that can be used to improve the water condition of Yellow River basin.

Abstract:In a multi-product competition market,the retailers of products at first must know the state and the market shares of the products in the markets,then decide the quantities of product through analysis the market and the revenue to gain the maximum profits.It is the fundamental problem in the market inventory management that how to gain the optimal order quantity.In this paper,through introducing the concepts of product characterization description and customer general cost,we give a method of market share a...

Abstract:Optimizing and shortening multi-stage response time,one of supply chain management goals,is an effective approach to supply chain to respond rapidly the demand in market and to reduce lead time.At first,the concept of supply chain multi-stage response time was illustrated.Supposed the core firm is a coordinating center,this paper constructed a decision-making mechanism,and developed a bi-level programming approach to model the supply chain multi-stage response time.Finally,the model was tested and verified ...

Abstract:Using the methods of expressing overconfidence provided by Daniel,Hirshleifer,Subrahmanyam,Gervais and Odean etc.for reference,this paper researches the equilibrium of team coordination under the condition when overconfidence and external monitoring co-exist, and the mechanism of overconfidence and external monitoring effects on team coordination by setting up an appropriate mathematical model.The result shows that overconfidence of team agent and external monitoring are substitutes rather than complements ...

Abstract:Traditional hedges of bond duration and convexity are non-optimal.We derive correct hedge ratios by capturing the neglected volatility linkage between Treasury futures and cheapest-to-deliver Treasuries.Our hedge-ratio equations specify each hedge instrument's contribution against short-term spot and forward rate exposures.Numerical analysis indicates that traditional hedge substantially over-hedges.The relative over-hedge is especially large in hedging high coupon bond when the hedge horizon is long,the te...

Abstract:To investigate the risk perceptions of stock investors, the research surveyed 1840 stock investors by the method of stratified sampling with the help of Nanfang Bond Company.The results showed the level of investors' risk perceptions was low on the seven risk resources,especially on the risk of pursuing high going-up stock and excess speculation.The two factors that years in stock and asset would influence the risk perceptions of the pursuing high going-up stock and excess speculation.From the model of stoc...

Abstract:This paper examines an optimal strategy problem on consumption and portfolio.In this problem,we assume there are two assets to invest in for investors.One is risk-free asset(e.g.,bond),the other is risky asset((e.g.,stock).) Investor can choose the investing proportion of assets to maximize his expected lifetime utility.In most situations,the price of risky assets will jump when some important information come,so it is significant to study this problem.This paper discusses this case in which the jump range ...

Abstract:Based on the preliminary outcome of qualitative study of Chinese social markers and consumer lifestyles,this paper identifies three mainstream consumer generations named,perspectively,Chinese Cultural Revolution Generation,Chinese Baby Boom Generation and Chinese X Generation.The generations show different consumer ethnocentrism tendency,collectivism and family concern.Analysis finds that two psychographic factors collectivism and family concern,and two demographic factors: education and income,help to expl...